15 U.S.C. § 1692e
FDCPA: false or misleading representations
Prohibits false, deceptive, or misleading representations in connection with the collection of a debt.
Cornell LIIReader's Note
The matters presented on this portal are documentary questions for regulatory and judicial review. No finding has been made by any agency or court. Allegation framing applies throughout. The portal does not assert any individual is liable, guilty, or in violation of any provision; it presents the documentary record and the legal frame within which a reviewer may evaluate that record.
Entries marked Preservation Entry are catalogued solely for evidentiary preservation. They identify statutes that could become relevant if the regulatory record were to develop in particular directions. No finding under any preservation-entry statute is asserted, claimed, or implied.
Bea-Mone v. Silverstein, C.D. Cal. 8:17-cv-00550, is preserved in this volume for docket existence only. The judgment was set aside by stipulation October 15, 2019 and the case was dismissed with prejudice. There is no surviving adjudication of liability in that matter.
The author is the publisher of gasiomirror.com, plaintiff pro se in OC Sup. Ct. No. 30-2024-01410991-CL-UD-CJC. Inquiries: gasio77@yahoo.com.
Table of ContentsEight Parts · 160 entries
I
Part I · Federal Statutes
p. 01
Title 15 — Commerce & Trade
15 U.S.C. § 1692f
15 U.S.C. § 1692g
FDCPA: validation of debts
Establishes the consumer's right to dispute and obtain validation of an asserted debt.
Cornell LII15 U.S.C. §§ 1692 et seq.
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act — general
Federal consumer-protection statute governing the conduct of debt collectors.
Cornell LII15 U.S.C. § 5481 et seq.
Dodd-Frank Title X
Establishes the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and its jurisdiction over consumer financial products and services.
Cornell LIITitle 17 — Copyrights
17 U.S.C. §§ 101 et seq.
United States Copyright Act — general
Federal statute governing copyright in original works of authorship.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 102
Subject matter of copyright
Establishes that literary, pictorial, and audiovisual works are protected.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 103
Compilation copyright
Protects original compilations through selection and arrangement of underlying material.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 106
Exclusive rights of copyright holder
Defines the bundle of exclusive rights in reproduction, distribution, public display, public performance, and derivative works.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 107
Fair use
Statutory factors governing limited use of copyrighted material without permission.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 502
17 U.S.C. § 503
17 U.S.C. § 504
Damages — actual and statutory
Provides for recovery of actual damages and profits or, in the alternative, statutory damages.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 504(b)
Actual damages and profits
Permits recovery of the copyright owner's actual damages and any additional profits of the infringer.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 504(c)
Statutory damages
Authorizes statutory damages up to $150,000 per work for willful infringement.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 505
Attorney's fees
Permits recovery of full costs and reasonable attorney's fees by the prevailing party.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 512
DMCA safe harbor / notice-and-takedown
Establishes safe-harbor procedures and notice-and-takedown framework for online service providers.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 1201
Anti-circumvention
Prohibits circumvention of technological measures controlling access to copyrighted works.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 1202
Integrity of copyright management information
Prohibits removal or alteration of copyright management information.
Cornell LII17 U.S.C. § 1203
Title 18 — Crimes & Criminal Procedure
18 U.S.C. § 1341
Mail fraud
Federal mail-fraud statute reaching schemes to defraud carried out through the United States Postal Service or any private carrier.
Cornell LII18 U.S.C. § 1343
Wire fraud
Federal wire-fraud statute reaching schemes to defraud carried out through interstate wire, radio, or television communication.
Cornell LII18 U.S.C. § 1344
18 U.S.C. § 1708
18 U.S.C. § 1951
Preservation EntryHobbs Act — interference with commerce by extortion
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
Cornell LII18 U.S.C. § 1957
Preservation EntryEngaging in monetary transactions in property derived from specified unlawful activity
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
Cornell LII18 U.S.C. § 1961 et seq.
Preservation EntryRICO — Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
Cornell LII18 U.S.C. § 1962
Preservation EntryRICO — prohibited activities
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
Cornell LII18 U.S.C. § 1964(c)
Civil RICO — private right of action
Authorizes a private civil action by any person injured in business or property by reason of a § 1962 violation. Catalogued for completeness.
Cornell LIITitle 26 — Internal Revenue Code
26 U.S.C. § 7206
Preservation EntryFraud and false statements
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
Cornell LIITitle 42 — Public Health & Welfare
42 U.S.C. § 3604
Fair Housing Act — discrimination in housing
Prohibits discrimination in the sale, rental, financing, or advertising of housing on protected grounds.
Cornell LII42 U.S.C. § 3617
Fair Housing Act — interference, coercion, intimidation
Prohibits interference with the exercise of rights protected by the Fair Housing Act.
Cornell LIIFederal Rules of Appellate Procedure
Fed. R. App. P. 42(b)
Voluntary dismissal of appeal
Permits a circuit court of appeals to dismiss an appeal upon stipulation of the parties.
Cornell LIIII
Part II · California State Statutes
p. 02
California Civil Code
Cal. Civ. Code § 47(d)
Litigation privilege — privileged publications
Defines privileged publications and broadcasts in judicial and quasi-judicial proceedings.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 827
Notice required for rent change
Requires 30-day notice for rent increases of 10% or less and 90-day notice for increases above 10%.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code §§ 980–989
California state copyright protection
State statutory framework for copyright in original works.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1102
Material disclosure requirement
Imposes seller and landlord disclosure duties as to material facts affecting the property.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1567
Apparent consent not real or free
Defines when consent is not real or free, including by duress, menace, fraud, undue influence, or mistake.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1569
Cal. Civ. Code § 1570
Cal. Civ. Code § 1572
Actual fraud / deceit
Statutory definition of actual fraud, including suggestion of falsehood and suppression of fact.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1575
Cal. Civ. Code § 1577
Cal. Civ. Code §§ 1655 et seq.
Implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing
Codifies the implied covenant in every contract under California law.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1710
Deceit — fraudulent nondisclosure
Statutory deceit, including promise made without intent to perform.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1710(4)
Cal. Civ. Code § 1717
Attorney fees as costs of suit
Provides for prevailing-party attorney fees on contracts that contain a fee provision.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1941
Landlord duty to maintain habitable premises
Imposes the residential landlord's general duty to maintain habitable premises.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1941.1
Specific defects rendering premises untenantable
Enumerates specific conditions that render a residential dwelling substandard.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1942
Tenant repair-and-deduct remedy
Authorizes the tenant to repair conditions affecting habitability and deduct the cost from rent, subject to statutory limits.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1942.5
Retaliatory eviction; senior enhancement
Establishes presumption of retaliation and enhanced remedies for tenants 65 years of age or older.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1946.1
Sixty-day notice requirement
Requires 60-day notice to terminate where tenant has occupied one year or more.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1946.2
Just-cause eviction protection
Establishes just-cause eviction protection after 12 months of continuous occupancy.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5
Residential security deposit — general
Governs the handling, deduction, and return of residential security deposits.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(b)
Closed list of authorized deductions
Limits deductions to four enumerated categories; no other deduction is authorized.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(b)(1)
Cal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(b)(2)
Authorized deduction — damage beyond ordinary wear and tear
Authorizes repair deductions for damage beyond ordinary wear and tear, subject to a depreciated useful-life ceiling.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(f)(1)
Pre-move-in inspection statement
Requires the landlord to offer a pre-move-out inspection and provide an itemized statement.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(g)
Itemized statement and supporting documentation
Requires return of deposit balance with itemized statement within 21 calendar days.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(g)(1)
Itemized written statement required
Specifies the contents required of the 21-day itemized statement.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(g)(2)
Documentation for charges over $125
Requires invoices, receipts, or other documentary support for any single charge exceeding $125.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(j)
Replacement deposit prohibition
Prohibits a landlord from demanding additional deposit during the tenancy beyond the statutory maximum.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(l)
Bad-faith retention remedy
Authorizes statutory damages of up to twice the deposit for bad-faith retention.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 2355
Termination of agency
Defines the circumstances under which agency terminates as a matter of law.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 3345
Senior treble damages
Authorizes treble damages in actions brought by senior or disabled plaintiffs alleging unfair or deceptive practices.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Civ. Code § 3439.04
Uniform Voidable Transactions Act — fraudulent transfer
Defines transfers voidable as to creditors, including the eleven badges of fraud.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Code of Civil Procedure
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 415.46
Service of UD summons on occupants
Governs service of unlawful-detainer summons on known occupants.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 473
Relief from judgment
Permits relief from a judgment, dismissal, order, or other proceeding taken against a party through mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1033.5
Costs of suit
Enumerates the categories of costs recoverable as a matter of right; attorney fees recoverable as costs when authorized.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1161
Unlawful detainer — three-day notice
Governs the three-day notice to pay rent or quit and the perfection of cure.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1161.2
Limits on access to UD records
Restricts public access to unlawful-detainer files; subsection (a)(1)(A) preserves the electronic-audio access channel.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1162
Service of UD notices
Specifies the manner of service of three-day, thirty-day, and sixty-day notices.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1167.1
Sealing of UD files; party access
Provides for sealing of unlawful-detainer files while preserving party access.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 1179
Relief from forfeiture
Authorizes the court to grant relief from forfeiture in unlawful-detainer proceedings.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Code Civ. Proc. § 2015.5
Sworn declarations under penalty of perjury
Establishes the form and effect of declarations under penalty of perjury.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Business & Professions Code
Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6068
Attorney duties — general
Enumerates the statutory duties of an attorney admitted to practice in California.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6068(c)
Duty: maintain only legal or just actions
An attorney has a duty to counsel or maintain only such actions as appear legal or just.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6068(d)
Duty: candor toward the court
An attorney has a duty never to seek to mislead the judge or any judicial officer by an artifice or false statement of fact or law.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6103
State Bar discipline
Provides for discipline of attorneys for willful disobedience or violation of duty.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6106
Acts of moral turpitude
Authorizes discipline for acts involving moral turpitude, dishonesty, or corruption, whether or not in connection with the practice of law.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 6400 et seq.
Legal Document Assistants
Regulates the registration and conduct of Legal Document Assistants.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 7090
Contractor discipline — CSLB
Authorizes Contractors State License Board discipline, including for failure to disclose dangerous conditions.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10130 et seq.
DRE jurisdiction
Establishes the Department of Real Estate's licensing and regulatory jurisdiction.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10131 et seq.
Licensed real-estate activities
Defines the activities for which a real-estate license is required.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10145
Broker trust-fund handling
Imposes the three-day deposit rule on funds received by a broker in trust for another.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10159.2
Designated-broker supervision
Imposes supervisory responsibility on the designated officer or broker.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10176
Grounds for license discipline — general
Enumerates grounds for suspension or revocation of a real-estate license.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10176(d)
Related-party disclosure
Requires disclosure where the licensee has an interest in the property or transaction.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10176(e)
Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10177
Additional grounds for discipline
Enumerates additional grounds for discipline of a licensee.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10177(d)
Willful disregard or violation
Authorizes discipline for willful disregard or violation of the Real Estate Law.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10177(g)
Failure to supervise
Authorizes discipline of the designated broker for failure to supervise licensed activities.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 10177(h)
Negligence or incompetence
Authorizes discipline for negligence or incompetence in the performance of licensed activities.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17200 et seq.
Unfair Competition Law
Prohibits unlawful, unfair, or fraudulent business acts or practices.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17200
UCL — operative prohibition
Defines the categories of unfair competition under California law.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17203
UCL — injunctive relief and restitution
Authorizes injunctive relief and restitution to restore money or property obtained by unfair competition.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17204
UCL — standing
Defines standing to bring a UCL action; injury in fact and lost money or property required.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17500
False advertising
Prohibits false or misleading statements in the offer of goods or services.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Penal Code
Cal. Pen. Code § 115
False or forged instrument for recording
Prohibits procuring or offering a false or forged instrument for filing or recording in any public office.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 118
Cal. Pen. Code § 118A
Cal. Pen. Code § 132
Offering false evidence
Prohibits offering in evidence, as genuine, any document known to be false.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 134
Preparing false documentary evidence
Felony to prepare any false document with intent to use it in any proceeding; per In re Horowitz, preparation alone (with intent) completes the offense.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 182
Preservation EntryConspiracy
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 470
Cal. Pen. Code § 484
Cal. Pen. Code § 487
Grand theft
Defines grand theft, including theft by false pretenses where the property exceeds the statutory threshold.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 502
Cal. Pen. Code § 503
Cal. Pen. Code § 506
Embezzlement by agent
Embezzlement by trustees, agents, or persons charged with the property of another.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code §§ 518–520
Preservation EntryExtortion
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 530.5
Preservation EntryIdentity theft
Catalogued for evidentiary preservation only. No finding asserted.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Pen. Code § 532
California Health & Safety Code
Cal. H&S Code § 17920.3
Substandard housing
Enumerates conditions rendering a dwelling substandard, including mold, dampness, defective electrical, and structural decay.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Evidence Code
Cal. Evid. Code § 1221
Adoptive admission
Statement is not made inadmissible by hearsay rule if offered against a party who has manifested adoption or belief in its truth, including by silence in the face of a statement that party would naturally deny.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Revenue & Taxation Code
Cal. Rev. & Tax. Code § 6051
Sales tax on tangible personal property
Imposes the California sales tax on retail sale of tangible personal property.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Welfare & Institutions Code
Cal. Welf. & Inst. Code § 15610.27
Definition of “elder”
Defines an elder as any person residing in California aged 65 or older.
leginfo.ca.govCal. Welf. & Inst. Code § 15610.30
Financial abuse of an elder
Defines financial abuse of an elder, including the wrongful taking, secreting, appropriating, obtaining, or retaining of real or personal property.
leginfo.ca.govCalifornia Rules of Professional Conduct
Cal. R. Prof. Conduct 1.1
Competence
Requires a lawyer to act with the legal knowledge, skill, thoroughness, and preparation reasonably necessary for the representation.
calbar.ca.govCal. R. Prof. Conduct 1.3
Diligence
Requires a lawyer to act with reasonable diligence and promptness in representing a client.
calbar.ca.govCal. R. Prof. Conduct 1.4
Communication with client
Requires a lawyer to keep a client reasonably informed (subsection (a)(3) requires reasonable communication regarding significant developments).
calbar.ca.govCal. R. Prof. Conduct 1.16
Withdrawal — reasonable notice
Governs declination and termination of representation; requires reasonable notice to permit the client to retain other counsel.
calbar.ca.govCal. R. Prof. Conduct 3.3
Candor toward the tribunal
Prohibits knowingly making a false statement of fact or law to a tribunal or failing to correct a false statement of material fact previously made.
calbar.ca.govCal. R. Prof. Conduct 7.1
Communications concerning a lawyer's services
Prohibits false or misleading communications about the lawyer or the lawyer's services, including firm-name misrepresentation.
calbar.ca.govCal. R. Prof. Conduct 8.4(c)
Misconduct — dishonesty
Defines as professional misconduct conduct involving dishonesty, fraud, deceit, or reckless or intentional misrepresentation.
calbar.ca.govIII
Part III · Local Ordinances — Huntington Beach
p. 03
Huntington Beach Municipal Code
HBMC §§ 5.110 et seq.
Short-term rental permit requirement
Establishes the city's short-term rental permitting framework.
codepublishing.comHBMC ch. 5.120 (Ord. 4224, eff. 2/19/2021)
Zone 1 unhosted-STR prohibition
Prohibits unhosted short-term rentals throughout Zone 1, which encompasses all areas of Huntington Beach excluding Sunset Beach.
codepublishing.comHBMC — business license requirement
Commercial-rental license requirement
Imposes a business-license requirement on commercial rental activity within the city.
codepublishing.comIV
Part IV · International / Treaty Law
p. 04
International / Treaty Law
Berne Convention
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
Foundational international copyright treaty; establishes minimum standards of protection across signatory states.
wipo.intWIPO Copyright Treaty (1996)
WIPO Copyright Treaty
International copyright treaty extending Berne principles to digital works.
wipo.intV
Part V · Court Cases Cited
p. 05
United States Supreme Court
Global-Tech Appliances, Inc. v. SEB S.A., 563 U.S. 754 (2011)
Willful blindness as actual knowledge
Articulates the deliberate-avoidance doctrine: willful blindness suffices to establish actual knowledge for statutes requiring scienter.
JustiaH.J. Inc. v. Northwestern Bell, 492 U.S. 229 (1989)
RICO “pattern” standard
Sets the continuity-plus-relationship standard for a pattern of racketeering activity under RICO.
JustiaHazel-Atlas Glass Co. v. Hartford-Empire Co., 322 U.S. 238 (1944)
Fraud upon the court — vacatur
Establishes the federal common-law rule permitting vacatur of judgments procured through fraud upon the court at any time.
JustiaHeintz v. Jenkins, 514 U.S. 291 (1995)
FDCPA reaches lawyers collecting consumer debts
Holds that the FDCPA applies to attorneys who regularly engage in consumer-debt-collection activity.
JustiaU.S. Bancorp Mortgage Co. v. Bonner Mall Partnership, 513 U.S. 18 (1994)
Stipulated vacatur disfavored
Stipulated vacatur of a federal civil judgment is disfavored; “mootness by reason of settlement” does not justify vacatur absent exceptional circumstances.
JustiaNinth Circuit / Federal District Courts
Aoude v. Mobil Oil Corp., 892 F.2d 1115 (1st Cir. 1989)
Fraud-on-the-court standard
Articulates the standard: a party who has “sentiently set in motion some unconscionable scheme calculated to interfere with the judicial system's ability to impartially adjudicate” has committed fraud upon the court.
JustiaBea-Mone III v. Silverstein Attorney at Law, C.D. Cal. 8:17-cv-00550-JLS-DFM
Federal docket of record — preserved for existence only
Jury verdict November 16, 2018; judgment November 30, 2018; appeal No. 19-55356 voluntarily dismissed October 9, 2019; judgment set aside by stipulation October 15, 2019; case dismissed with prejudice. There is no surviving adjudication of liability. Cited for docket existence only.
No public-link entry. Docket on PACER · no surviving adjudication
Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc., 508 F.3d 1146 (9th Cir. 2007)
Inline linking and copyright display
Addresses the application of the public-display right to inline linking and framing of copyrighted images.
JustiaCalifornia Supreme Court
Foley v. Interactive Data Corp., 47 Cal.3d 654 (1988)
Implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing
Anchors the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing in California contracts.
JustiaGiovanazzi v. State Bar, 28 Cal.3d 465 (1980)
Discipline for misleading the court
State Bar discipline for misleading the court through false pleadings.
JustiaGranberry v. Islay Investments, 9 Cal.4th 738 (1995)
Consumer-protective construction of § 1950.5
Adopts a consumer-protective construction of California Civil Code § 1950.5.
JustiaIn re Horowitz, 33 Cal.2d 534 (1949)
Penal Code § 134 — preparation alone completes the offense
Foundational construction of Penal Code § 134: preparation of false documentary evidence with intent to use it in a proceeding completes the offense; no requirement of subsequent use.
JustiaCalifornia Court of Appeal
Bevill v. Zoura, 27 Cal.App.4th 694 (1994)
Three-day notice — over-demand renders notice ineffective
Over-demand in the three-day notice (demanding more than is owed) renders the notice ineffective.
JustiaLevitz Furniture Co. v. Wingtip Communications, Inc., 86 Cal.App.4th 1035 (2001)
Strict-compliance rule
Strict compliance with the notice requirement applies regardless of contractual preference.
JustiaLiebovich v. Shahrokhkhany, 56 Cal.App.4th 511 (1997)
No late fees or non-rent charges in three-day notice
Late fees and other non-rent charges may not be included in a three-day notice to pay rent or quit.
JustiaNourafchan v. Miner, 169 Cal.App.3d 746 (1985)
Even minor over-demand voids the notice
Even a $5.96 over-demand in the three-day notice voided the notice.
JustiaWDT-Winchester v. Nilsson, 27 Cal.App.4th 516 (1994)
Strict, not substantial, compliance
Strict (not substantial) compliance is required for three-day notices.
JustiaWilliams v. Superior Court, 46 Cal.App.4th 320 (1996)
Honesty in dealing with the courts
“Honesty in dealing with the courts is of paramount importance, and misleading a judge is, regardless of motives, a serious offense.”
JustiaActive / Parallel Court Cases
Gasio v. Tran et al. — OC Superior Court 30-2024-01410991-CL-UD-CJC
The primary matter
Unlawful detainer (residential), Department C61, Commissioner Snuggs-Spraggins.
occourts.orgHarman v. Tran — OC Superior Court, Dept. C61
Prior unlawful detainer — same property, same counsel
Same property and same counsel of record; certified filings ROA #2, #5, #34 obtained from the OC Superior Court file.
occourts.orgHuynh v. Tran/Ly — OC Superior Court 30-2025-01502635-CU-FR-CJC
Independent civil-fraud action
Filed August 8, 2025; defendants include Anna Ly and Anh Andy Quang Tran.
occourts.orgVI
Part VI · Constitutional Provisions
p. 06
Constitutional Provisions
U.S. Const. amend. I
First Amendment — freedom of the press
Federal constitutional basis for this publication.
constitution.congress.govCal. Const. art. I, § 2
California free speech / free press
California constitutional counterpart guaranteeing freedom of speech and of the press.
leginfo.ca.govVII
Part VII · Common Law Doctrines
p. 07
Common Law Doctrines (Named)
California betterment doctrine
Bar on charging departing tenants for upgrades
Bars charging a departing tenant for capital improvements; flows from Cal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(b)(2).
leginfo.ca.govFraud upon the court doctrine
Vacatur at any time
Federal common-law doctrine; basis for vacatur of judgments at any time. Originating authority: Hazel-Atlas; modern standard articulated in Aoude.
JustiaNoerr-Pennington doctrine
Petition-clause protection
Protects petitioning activity — legal filings, regulatory submissions, lobbying — from liability.
Cornell WexMcDonnell Douglas framework
Burden-shifting in disparate-treatment claims
Three-step burden-shifting framework for disparate-treatment claims, applied to Fair Housing Act claims under 42 U.S.C. § 3604.
JustiaVIII
Part VIII · External Regulatory References
p. 08
External Regulatory References
IRS Publication 946
Useful-life schedule for depreciable assets
Federal depreciation reference invoked in carpet useful-life analysis under Cal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(b)(2).
irs.govHUD residential-asset useful-life schedule
Seven-year carpet/flooring useful life
HUD's seven-year useful-life schedule for residential carpet and flooring, invoked in deposit-deduction analysis under Cal. Civ. Code § 1950.5(b)(2).
hud.govCalifornia Department of Real Estate (DRE)
Licensing authority — landing
DRE landing for licensee lookup, complaint filing, and disciplinary records.
dre.ca.gov