CHARGES
Applicable Criminal Statutes
CALIFORNIA PENAL CODE
PC §118
PERJURY
Perjury — False Statements in Legal Proceedings
Silverstein represented to the court that the cashier's check had been returned by mail. USPS tracking shows the alleged return letter was still in transit at the time of the hearing. A false statement of material fact made under oath in a legal proceeding constitutes perjury under PC §118. Tran's nodded acknowledgment of his own text, after filing a proceeding premised on non-payment, implicates the same statute.
SILVERSTEINTRAN
PC §132
FALSE EVIDENCE IN COURT
Offering False or Forged Evidence in a Legal Proceeding
A forged lease substitute was used in court proceedings in place of the authenticated DocuSign contract (Envelope #46CC8725). A dark, unreadable photocopy presented as "proof" of a returned check — without the check itself — constitutes offering false evidence. Post-eviction remodel photos offered as documentation of tenant damage are contradicted by city inspector records and pre-tenancy invoice dates.
SILVERSTEINTRANANNA LY
PC §470
FORGERY
Forgery of a Legal Document
The original lease was executed via DocuSign Envelope #46CC8725 under the BHHS corporate platform. A substitute version of the contract — differing in material terms — was presented in the court proceeding. HBPD confirmed forgery. Presentation of a forged instrument in a legal proceeding is a felony under PC §470.
TRANANNA LY
PC §484(a)
THEFT
Theft — Taking Property by False Pretense or Fraud
A cashier's check for $4,334, legally tendered as rent payment, was received by Hanson Le at the BHHS office (USPS confirmed delivery), never applied to rent, never returned, and never accounted for. The owner's text confirms knowledge of receipt. The check remains sealed. Retention of funds legally tendered and confirmed received, without application or return, constitutes theft under PC §484(a).
TRANHANSON LE
PC §506
EMBEZZLEMENT
Embezzlement by Agent — Entrusted Funds Misappropriated
Hanson Le was entrusted with Mr. Gasio's rent payments as a licensed real estate agent under a BHHS contract. Le directed those payments to his personal Wells Fargo account rather than a licensed trust account. The cashier's check received at BHHS was made payable to BHHS — Le had no authority to divert or retain it. Misappropriation of entrusted funds by a fiduciary agent is embezzlement under PC §506.
HANSON LE
PC §182
CONSPIRACY
Criminal Conspiracy — Agreement to Commit Fraud
Multiple defendants — Tran, Le, Anna Ly, Silverstein — each played distinct coordinated roles in a scheme that resulted in an unlawful eviction of a disabled senior citizen. The scheme required coordination: a forged contract, a diverted payment, a concealed check, and a false court representation. Coordination between multiple parties to accomplish a criminal objective constitutes conspiracy under PC §182.
ALL DEFENDANTS
WELFARE & INSTITUTIONS CODE
WIC §15610.30
FINANCIAL ELDER ABUSE
Financial Abuse of an Elder — Mandatory Reporting Statute
Michael Gasio is a disabled senior citizen. WIC §15610.30 defines financial elder abuse as taking, secreting, appropriating, or retaining real or personal property of an elder for a wrongful use or with intent to defraud. The check interception, the coerced double payment, the pre-tenancy damage billing, and the fraudulent eviction each independently satisfy this definition. Financial elder abuse triggers mandatory reporting obligations and enhanced penalties.
TRANHANSON LESILVERSTEINANNA LY
BUSINESS & PROFESSIONS CODE
B&P §10176
DRE VIOLATION — AGENT MISCONDUCT
Real Estate Licensee Misconduct — Material Misrepresentation
Hanson Le (DRE #01358448) directed rent payments to his personal account in lieu of a licensed trust account, received a cashier's check under agency authority and failed to account for it, and invoked the Fifth Amendment when questioned by HBPD about his actions. Anna Ly (DRE #01894348) concealed her familial relationship to the owner, concealed the pet approval, and submitted or facilitated a fraudulent damage invoice through a family entity. Both constitute material misrepresentation in the course of a licensed transaction.
HANSON LEANNA LYROSAS
B&P §10177
DRE — LICENSE REVOCATION
Grounds for License Revocation — Criminal Conviction or Fraudulent Acts
B&P §10177 authorizes the DRE to revoke or suspend the license of any licensee who has been convicted of a crime, has demonstrated untrustworthiness or incompetence, or has engaged in fraudulent acts. Anna Ly is already subject to DRE Accusation H-40694 LA for a prior criminal conviction and license renewal fraud. Hanson Le's Fifth Amendment invocation with HBPD, combined with the evidence of fund misappropriation, independently satisfies grounds for revocation.
HANSON LEANNA LY
FEDERAL STATUTES
18 U.S.C. §1343
WIRE FRAUD
Wire Fraud — Interstate Electronic Communications Used to Defraud
The original lease was executed via DocuSign — an interstate electronic platform — with a BHHS corporate email address. The forged substitute contract, the electronic rent payment scheme, and the eviction communications transmitted via email and electronic filing all constitute use of interstate wire communications in furtherance of a scheme to defraud. Each electronic communication in furtherance of the fraud is a separate count under 18 U.S.C. §1343.
TRANHANSON LEANNA LYSILVERSTEINBHHS
18 U.S.C. §1341
MAIL FRAUD
Mail Fraud — U.S. Mail Used in Furtherance of Fraudulent Scheme
The cashier's check was delivered via USPS certified mail. The alleged return of the check was also claimed to have been made via mail — a claim contradicted by USPS tracking. Using the U.S. mail in furtherance of a scheme to defraud — including the false claim that a check was returned by mail — constitutes mail fraud under 18 U.S.C. §1341. Filed with USPS Postal Inspection Service (postalinspectors@uspis.gov).
TRANSILVERSTEIN
18 U.S.C. §1962
RICO
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations — Enterprise Engaged in Pattern of Racketeering
Seven defendants — an owner, two agents, a designated broker, a corporate franchisor, and two attorneys — participated in a coordinated pattern of racketeering activity over more than six months. 11 documented contacts with Berkshire Hathaway entities constitute predicate acts. The enterprise used the BHHS brand and infrastructure to commit wire fraud, mail fraud, theft, forgery, and elder financial abuse — and then used the court system to enforce the fruits of the scheme. This is the textbook structure of a RICO enterprise.
ALL DEFENDANTS